Montréal–Toronto under uncertain wind
Replay a complete airborne leg and compare controllers under a shared gust realization. The mean-wind reference shows the initial plan before gusts act.
Frozen planMean replanningStochastic replanning
Fuel burned
Distance to Toronto
Observed east / north gust
The figures replay saved simulations. Forecasts use a frozen ERA5 mean field and an illustrative correlated Gaussian gust model. This is a simplified airborne planning example; taxi, takeoff, landing, and traffic are outside the model.